A 1984 publication of the original interview transcripts showed exactly what the poet who wrote it added and cut, including that he composed the book's famous closing lament himself — the transcripts do not contain it in Black Elk's own words.
Raymond DeMallie, The Sixth Grandfather (1984), publishing the 1931 interview transcripts behind Black Elk Speaks
A 1932 book presenting itself as the unmediated spiritual testimony of a Lakota holy man, long read as an authentic Native voice.
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