The Yōkai of Toriyama Sekien

Tada Katsumi (1999) counts some 85 of Sekien's 200-plus yōkai as his own inventions; one, the oil-licking himamushi-nyūdō, appears in Mizuki Shigeru's 1994 compendium as folklore.

Michael Dylan Foster, 'Creating Monsters: Toriyama Sekien and the Encyclopedic Imagination', Minikomi 64 (2002), pp. 7-9, citing Tada Katsumi, Hyakki kaidoku (1999), p. 20, and Mizuki Shigeru, Zusetsu Nihon yōkai taizen (1994), p. 391

Toriyama Sekien's four illustrated yōkai catalogues, printed in Edo between 1776 and 1784.

Sources1 source

Scholarship

Michael Dylan Foster, Creating Monsters: Toriyama Sekien and the Encyclopedic Imagination, Minikomi 64, 2002, pp. 7-9Sekien invented many of his yōkai (Tada's count), and the himamushi-nyūdō in Mizuki's 1994 compendium is one.
is one of the monsters Toriyama Sekien created.