Tobacco Was the Master Plant
Wilbert (1991), from about 1,800 sources on nearly 300 societies, judged tobacco use far younger than shamanism: religion shaped the drug's meaning, not the reverse.
Johannes Wilbert, 'Does pharmacology corroborate the nicotine therapy and practices of South American shamanism?', Journal of Ethnopharmacology (1991), abstract
Tobacco as a shamanic plant in native South America, smoked, snuffed, drunk, licked or taken as an enema.